The Motion Picture Association (MPA) print rating system is a crucial aspect of film distribution in the United States. Established in 1968, it helps audience members make informed decisions about which movies are suitable for their age and sensibility. Let's delve into the history, ratings, and impact of the MPA print rating system.
The MPA rating system was born out of a need for a self-regulatory body to counteract government censorship. The original ratings were G, M, R, and X, with X Designating films intended for adults only. Over time, the system has evolved to accommodate the changing landscape of cinema and audience preferences.
The MPA Ratings Explained
The current rating system, used to this day, was implemented in 1972. It includes five ratings designed to provide a more accurate reflection of film content:
GP: Slightly renewed version of the old seal. May contain some material that is not generally the best choice for all children.
G - General Audiences
G-rated films are suitable for all ages. They contain nothing that many parents will consider offensive for even the youngest children. Examples include family-friendly animated features and live-action children's films.
PG - Parental Guidance Suggested
PG - Parental Guidance Suggested
Some material may not be suitable for all children. Parents urged to give "parental guidance." May contain some mature content, but generally not suggestive, violent, or disturbing. Examples include films like "Ghostbusters" and the original "PG-rated" Star Wars movies.
PG-13 - Parents Strongly Cautioned
May be inappropriate for children younger than 13. Movies with this rating may contain violent or mature content but less than would warrant an R rating. Examples include many superhero and action-adventure films.
R - Restricted
Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian. Contains some adult material. Movies with this rating typically contain adult themes, violence, sex, nudity, language, or drug use. Examples include many prominent dramas, thrillers, and horror films.
NC-17 - No One Under 17 Admitted
Clearly above the R category, designed for adults. Once known as X, it implies explicit sex and/or extreme violence. Despite its name change, NC-17 still carries a stigma, often leading to distribution challenges and audience avoidance. Few films receive this rating.
While the MPA rating system is not legally enforceable, theaters generally refuse to show NC-17 films and many advertisers refuse to feature them, effectively banning NC-17 movies from reach younger audiences.
The Evolution of the MPA Rating System
The history of the MPA print rating system is marked by additions and amendments to better reflect the evolving content and audience expectations.
The introduction of the PG rating in 1972 allowed for a wider berth of storytelling without categorically banning children. The PG-13 rating was added in 1984 to address the concern that PG films were often too violent for children and R films were too violent for some teenagers. The NC-17 rating replaced X in 1990 to reduce the stigma surrounding films with unrestricted adult content.
The Rating Process
The rating process begins with a secure DVD copy of the film sent to the MPA's member companies. The film is then viewed by trained staff who use a point system to weigh the film's content based on violence, sex, language, and mature themes.
After adjusting for the film's context and tone, a majority vote determines the film's rating. The rating code is then screened for 10-12 theater owners across the country for feedback before being officially applied. This process ensures a consistent and fair rating for each film.
In the dynamic landscape of American cinema, the MPA print rating system plays a vital role, assisting moviegoers and parents in making informed decisions. It encourages indepth conversations about film content, fostering a thoughtful approach to media consumption. As the industry and audience continue to evolve, the MPA rating system will no doubt adapt to meet their changing needs. So, the next time you're at the theater, take a moment to appreciate the power of those simple letters that guide your film experience.